Degradation of Diclofenac in Urine by Electro-Permanganate Process Driven by Microbial Fuel Cells

A novel microbial fuel cell-assisted electro-permanganate process (MFC-PM) was proposed for enhanced diclofenac degradation compared to that of the permanganate oxidation process. By utilizing eco-friendly bio-electricity in situ, MFC-PM could activate simultaneous anodic biological metabolism urea and cathodic Density functional analysis experimental evidence revealed reactive manganese species (Mn(VII)aq, Mn(VI)aq, Mn(V)aq, Mn(III)aq), generated via single electron transfer, contributed chamber. The sites with a high Fukui index were preferable be attacked by species, mainly accomplished through ring hydroxylation, opening, decarboxylation processes. Biological detection clostridia primary donor anode chamber an anaerobic environment. Furthermore, maximum output power density 1.49 W m?3 optimal removal 94.75% obtained within 20 min under conditions pH = 3.0, [DCF]0 60 µM, [PM]0 30 µM. Diclofenac efficiency increased external resistance, higher PM dosage, lower catholyte pH. In addition, displayed excellent applicability urine other background substances. provided efficient energy-free catalytic technology enhancing degradation.